Alternative Fuels Substitution in Cement Industries for Improved Energy Efficiency and Sustainability

The conventional energy source in cement industries is fossil fuels, mainly coal, which has a high environmental footprint. On average, expenditures account for 40% of the overall production costs per ton cement. Reducing both impact and economic expenditure involves incorporating alternative sources (fuels) such as biomass, solid-derived fuel (SDF), refuse-derived (RDF) etc. However, within plants, substitution fuels with poses several challenges due to difficulty additional fuel-saving techniques. Typically, an 3000 MJ electricity clinker required. One most effective solutions this thermal optimization through co-processing pre-processing, makes it possible implement fossil-fuel-saving In developing nations Togo, waste-management systems rely on factories waste-to-energy relationship. Also, there are some old plants low-efficiency, multi-stage preheaters without pre-calciners, reciprocating huge coolers, low-efficiency motors etc., still operate need be made environmentally sustainable. compared modern kilns can have up 95% recovery from waste, suspension preheater kiln recover only 60% its heat depending cooler type, lack bypass combustion chamber (pre-calciner). This research paper evaluated performance plant AF presents procedures recommendations optimize plants. To achieve this, comparative study was carried out by assessing characteristics equipment before after incorporation fuel. Data were collected optimum ratio, pre-processing performance, raw-meal design analysis. Results indicated that cost covered waste input €10.9 €15 (RDF), could saving 7.81€/GJ. conclusion, recommended appropriate alternative-fuel models created forecasting based various AF.